Encephalopathies are a group of brain disorders that cause dysfunction or damage to brain tissue. There are many synonyms for this term, including cerebral disorders, neurological disorders, brain diseases, brain disorders, and cognitive impairments. These terms are often used interchangeably to describe a range of conditions that affect the brain, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, and stroke. Despite their differences, these conditions share some common characteristics, including difficulty with movement, memory loss, and changes in behavior or cognition. Regardless of the specific diagnosis, individuals with encephalopathies may require specialized medical care and support to manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.